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8 марта 2016
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Cleft palate
A cleft palate occurs when tissues which should have grown in towards each other to form the roof of the mouth fail to do so. Sometimes this occurs together with a split in the upper lip, often referred to as a "hare lip". These conditions ha
ve a large genetic component and may run in families. They may occur in conjunction with other defects such as a visual impairment. The palate and lip tissues are normally joined by the third month of pregnancy, but in approximately 1 per 1000 births this fusion has not occurred, although the precise breakdown in the mechanisms involved is unclear. A child needs a whole palate and lips in order to have a normal appearance, to eat properly, and to speak. Surgical corrections are usually performed within the first year of life.
Depending on the severity of the cleft and the success of any repairs attempted, the child may have some difficulty in articulating speech sounds involving the lips and palate. Children born with a cleft palate are often unable to breathe properly through the mouth and it may take a long time to regulate correct patterns of airflow essential for speech. If air is lost through the nose, many sounds, such as the fricative "f' or "s", will lose their clarity and be pronounced nasally. In fact, other kinds of palatal problems can produce similar effects on speech. If there is a weakness in muscular control of the soft palate, the child may have difficulty in producing some of the sound contrasts and have a very nasal voice quality. Other children are quick to seize upon any difference in appearance or voice such physical abnormalities cause and there are almost always additional psychological consequences.
Children with cleft palate may show delays in other areas of language, such as using and understanding vocabulary and complex syntax. The most likely explanation for this lies in the very high risk cleft palate brings of fluctuating hearing loss. Cleft palate children tend to suffer a lot of colds' and flu because mouth breathing promotes infection. In cleft palate children, because of the weakness in the palate muscles which operate the eustachian tube, the middle ear may be poorly ventilated. Because of these factors conductive hearing loss affects up to 90 per cent of children with cleft palate. It is realistic to consider any child with a physical abnormality of the ear, nose or throat, as being at risk of middle ear disease and fluctuating hearing loss. What this means is that such children are likely to show the wide range of speech and language
difficulties which are commonly associated with a mild hearing loss.
2.1. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. When does a cleft palate occur?
2. Is it genetic or acquired condition?
3. What impairment can go together with cleft palate?
4. When do the surgical operation usually occur?
5. What articulation problems does a child with cleft palate have?
6. Can a child with cleft palate demonstrate other problems? Which ones?
7. What do the child usually suffer from? Why?
8. What can a cleft palate result to?
2.2. Подберите соответствующий перевод к слову
English Russian
A cleft palate Волчья пасть
genetic генетический
Surgical correction Хирургическое вмешательство
Articulating speech произношение
fricative фрикативный
Physical abnormalities Физические отклонения
Psychological consequences Психологические последствия
delay задержка
Hearing loss Потеря слуха
подробнее
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Автор24
Автор24
20 дней
Заказчик принял работу без использования гарантии
9 марта 2016
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Прочитайте и переведите текст, выполните задания к нему..docx
2016-03-12 01:46
Последний отзыв студента о бирже Автор24
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Прекрасно выполненная работа, досрочно и качественно. Рекомендую этого автора, как очень ответственного и грамотного специалиста. Спасибо
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