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Прочтите текст и письменно ответьте на вопросы, следующие за ним. U.S. Education 1. Americans have shown a great concern for education sinc
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Прочтите текст и письменно ответьте на вопросы, следующие за ним.
U.S. Education
1. Americans have shown a great concern for education since early colonial times. Among the first settlers there was an unusually high proportion of educated men. Some of them, graduates from Cambridge Came together and in 1636 founded Harvard College** 140 years before American Independence/Before the revolution in 1779 rune colleges had already been opened in the colonies, most them later becoming universities.
2. In the course of the 17-th - 18-th cfynuries free public schools and many academies (schools offering a classical education as well as more practical training were established in many places.
3. At present free education is available in the USA from the elementary grades right up through college. Today about 85 per of American children attend public and 15 per cent go to private elementary (primary) and secondary (high) schools. Elementary and secondary schooling combined consists of 12 years of classes and is compulsory for every child from the age of 6 to the age of 16 (or 18 in some states).
4. Perhaps the most distinctive feature of American education is the absence of the uniform national school organization and curriculum throughout the country and as a result there is no Federal Government direct control over educational system. It is for each state to make its own laws for the system of education.
5. Standardized (proficiency) tests play a decisive role at almost every level of education, especially in the admission to college and universities. The first is the SAT (Schoolastic Aptitude Test) and the second is the ACT (American College Testing program). These tests provide common, nationwide measuring sticks, but they are not governmentally controlled.
6. Successful applicants at colleges and universities are usually chosen on the basis of students' high school records and teachers' recommendations. The education goal is to achieve universal literacy and provide people with the knowledge and skills necessary to promote their individual welfare. This goal remains an ideal towards which the American educational system is directed.
7. Most scientists agree that a great deal of the economic, political, scientific and cultural progress has been made by America in its relatively short time thanks to the belief supported in the country that the future of the society depends on the quality and quantity of its educated citizens.
II. Письменно переведите 1, 5, 6-й абзацы текста.
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