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Adolescent obesity in the USA
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- 2016 год
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The term “obese” describes children and adolescent who have a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95th percentile for their gender and age. Adolescent obesity is a serious US public health problem. Today, about one in three American teenagers is overweight or obese. The prevalence of obesity in children more than tripled from 1971 to 2011. With a good reason, childhood obesity is now the 1 health concern among parents in the USA. Obesity represents a clear and present danger to the health of children and adolescent obesity.
This problem is very important. This epidemic increase is the result of specific changes in our environment and behavior in susceptible people. High calories, good-tasting and inexpensive food have become widely available and are heavily advertised. Nowadays portion sizes have increased and people are eating out more frequently. The theme are well-covered, there are a lot of articles about teenagers obesity in the USA. In the Internet we can find so many topics, books about this serious problem. In recent years Americans have seriously thought of a solution of this problem. So the problem of adolescent is very topical. Obese is a reason of great number health problems. Obesity is a good indicator of unhealthy lifestyle, characterized by overeating and lack of physical activity.
In our project we want to find out why the USA has the largest number of obese adolescent. What determines the high number of adolescent with overweight and what factors affect it. This report provides an overview of the data being used to inform federal obesity policy. It presents an overview of obesity statistics among children and adolescents, and includes a discussion of obesity measurement, trends in obesity rates, and differences that exist across gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location.
Finally we will discuss the ways how can this problem be solved and how to prevent further spread and worsening of adolescent obesity.
Object of exploration in the project is adolescent obesity in the United States of America. Subject of exploration is sociology.
Introduction...............................................................................................................3
1. Prevalence of Childhood Overweight and Obesity..............................................4
1.1 Variation by Age Group..............................................................................4
1.2 Variation by Gender, Race, and Ethnicity...................................................5
1.3 Variation by Socioeconomic Status and Geographic Location...................6
2. Causes associated with Childhood Overweight and Obesity................................8
3. Solving the problem of childhood obesity...........................................................12
Conclusion...............................................................................................................17
References...............................................................................................................18
The problems of healthy lifestyle the US high school students, provided in national studies, reports and records, it is necessary to emphasize their versatility and diversity. What problems are characteristic of a healthy lifestyle for children and adolescents of the USA? Extremely important for the understanding of the marked problem gets the fact that among students in American high schools there were cases of alcohol and drug abuse, smoking, early sexual behavior, which determines an unwanted pregnancy and diseases that are sexually transmitted, but these issues have gained relevance and spread in high school. We emphasize that according to statistics, the main obstacles of a healthy lifestyle, typical for middle school students, and for high school students were obese, depression and school violence.
After analyzing the above-mentioned national statistical research on existing problems destructive behavior of the younger generation of the United States, it is worth noting a general deterioration of the health of children and the negative trends in the observance of healthy lifestyle US schoolchildren. The special attention of experts focused on the issues of obesity, depression and school violence among US children and adolescents; they were the dominant obstacle formation and observance of healthy lifestyle of American students. In the process of maintaining the health of young Americans, scientists have noted that the fight against the dominant issues of healthy lifestyle the US high school students are priority tasks of the family and the school. In the long term follow-up studies in this area should consider the process of interaction between the family and the school as one of the conditions for the effective formation of a healthy way of life of American teenagers.
1. Dietary Guidelines for Americans http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/
2. C. Ogden, M. Carroll, B Kit et al., “Prevalence of Childhood and Adult Obesity in the United States, 2011-2012,” JAMA, vol. 311, no. 8 (2014), pp. 806-814.
3. G. Singh and M. Kogan, “Childhood Obesity in the United States, 1976-2008: Trends and Current Racial/Ethnic, Socioeconomic, and Geographic Disparities,” HHS, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Rockville, MD, 2010.
4. National Survey of Children’s Health 2011/12, Percent of children whose weight status is at or above the 85th percentile for Body Mass Index (BMI) (age 10-17), http://childhealthdata.org/browse/rankings/maps?s=84.
5. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency. America's Children in Brief: Key National Indicators of Well-Being,2012.
6. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Child Health USA 2012.
7. Cook S et al. Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 2003, 157(8):821–827.
8. The Surgeon General’s Vision for a Healthy and Fit Nation 2010 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
9. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (2009).Healthy Kids, Healthy Communities: Supporting Community Action to Prevent Childhood Obesity. Retrieved from: http://www.healthykidshealthycommunities.org/.
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