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The History of the European Union
- 10 страниц
- 2020 год
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Гарантия сервиса Автор24
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The European Union (EU) was created by the Maastricht Treaty on November 1st 1993. It is a political and economic union between European countries which makes its own policies concerning the members’ economies, societies, laws and to some extent security. To some, the EU is an overblown bureaucracy which drains money and compromises the power of sovereign states. For others, the EU is the best way to meet challenges smaller nations might struggle with – such as economic growth or negotiations with larger nations – and worth surrendering some sovereignty to achieve. Despite many years of integration, opposition remains strong, but states have acted pragmatically, at times, to create the union.
France had suggested the ECSC to control Germany and to rebuild industry; Germany wanted to become an equal player in Europe again and rebuild its reputation, as did Italy; the Benelux nations hoped for growth and didn’t want to be left behind. France, afraid Britain would try and quash the plan, didn’t include them in initial discussions, and Britain stayed out, wary of giving up any power and content with the economic potential offered by the Commonwealth.
Also created, in order to manage the ECSC, were a group of ‘supranational’ (a level of governance above the nation state) bodies: a Council of Ministers, a Common Assembly, a High Authority and a Court of Justice, all to legislate, develop ideas and resolve disputes. It was from these key bodies that the later EU would emerge, a process which some of the ECSC’s creators had envisaged, as they explicitly stated the creation of a federal Europe as their long term goal.
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References
Pascal Fontaine, Europe in ten points, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Brussels, Luxembourg, 1995
Jacques Freymond, Die Atlantische Welt, in: Weltgeschichte - Eine Universalgeschichte -, Editor :Golo Mann, Prisma Verlag, Gütersloh, 1980
Hanns Joachim Friedrichs ( Editor ) , Weltgeschichte - Eine Chronik-, Naturalis Verlag, München/Köln, 1988
Wolfgang W. Mickel, Bertholld Wiegand, Geschichte Politik und Gesellschaft, 2. Auflage, Cornelsen Verlag Hirschgraben, Frankfurt, 1989
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