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CROWN COURTS
- 5 страниц
- 2017 год
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I. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на функции местоимения «it».
1. Each member of the United Nations undertakes to comply with the decisions of the International Court of Justice in any case to which it is a party.
2. It is the duty of a state to protect its citizens at home and abroad.
3. It is difficult to describe in a few general words the functions and powers of the police authorities.
4. It should be noted that Russia has signed both the European Convention on Human Rights and the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
5. We find it difficult to determine whether the investigation is a success or a failure.
II. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму и переведите их на русский язык.
1. There is something wrong with the evidence given by the witness yesterday.
2. The judge has some doubts concerning the case.
3. Somebody tried to prove that he was guilty.
IV. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
1. This book is about the most notorious criminals the world has ever known.
2. The graver crimes a person commits, the more serious punishment he deserves.
3. The House of Lords is not as powerful as that of Commons.
4. The best way to combat crime is to improve the living standards of the people.
5. It is easier to make laws than to enforce them.
V. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в соответствующем времени и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. After the Norman ... in 1066, the King’s judges gradually ... the different local customs into a single body of general principles which they ... at the royal courts.
2. One of the problems which they ... now concerns the arrest of the criminal.
3. The police just ... the hijackers.
4. A bill ... a law in two weeks.
5. Newspapers often ... information on economic crimes.
6. After the president ... programs and laws to Congress he ... money for federal government operations.
VI. Переведите предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы.
1. Родителям пришлось заплатить большой выкуп за своего похищенного сына.
2. В соответствии с договором ни одна из сторон не может внести в него никакие изменения.
3. Многие юристы считают, что английское законодательство должно приобрести более систематизированную форму.
4. Полиции следует делать все возможное для предупреждения преступлений.
5. Адвокат смог доказать невиновность обвиняемого.
VII. Прочитайте текст, выпишите и переведите на русский язык по одному предложению с:
а) существительным в функции определения;
б) существительным в притяжательном падеже;
в) конструкцией «there + be».
VIII. Перепишите и переведите письменно на русский язык абзацы 3, 4, 5.
CROWN COURTS
3. In a Crown court the accused person when brought into the “dock” is asked by the Clerk if he is guilty or not guilty. If he replies not guilty, then he must be tried to establish this fact. If he pleads guilty the court is at liberty to sentence him without trial, but in practice he is usually advised by the judge to substitute a plea of not guilty so that the circumstances may be properly investigated. When the jury has been sworn in, it takes its place in the “jury-box” and the trial begins.
4. The case is explained to the jury by the leading counsel for the prosecution. The prosecution builds up its case by presenting witnesses, who go into the witness-box where they are questioned by the prosecution barrister (or “counsel”), so that a story of the supposed crime can be built up. Each witness may be cross-examined by the other side on the evidence which he has given. When the examination of the Crown witnesses is concluded, the defence may call witnesses, including the accused himself, in an attempt to show that he is innocent; these witnesses may be cross-examined by the other side.
5. When this is completed, the judge sums up the evidence for the benefit of the jury and instructs them on points of law involved, presenting them with the problem they have to decide. The twelve members of the jury retire to a room where they are locked in and left alone until they agree on a verdict. Until 1966 in England and Wales all members of the jury had to be in agreement. Now, at least ten of the twelve jury members must agree before a verdict can be given. Normally the jury do agree, though sometimes only after many hours. If the jury finds the accused guilty, then the judge “pronounces sentence”. On the other hand, if the accused is proved to be innocent, then he is acquitted. A police witness gives evidence about the previous convictions (if any) of the prisoner, and also about his character.
IX. Дайте ответ на вопрос:
When may a person be punished by a fine or probation?
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