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UNIT 4 I. Read the text ELECTRIC CURCUITS The concepts of electric charge and potential are very important in the study of electric currents. When
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UNIT 4
I. Read the text
ELECTRIC CURCUITS
The concepts of electric charge and potential are very important in the study of electric currents. When an extended conductor has different potentials at its ends, the free electrons of the conductor itself are caused to drift from one end to the other. The potential difference must be maintained by some electric source such as electrostatic generator or a battery or a direct current generator. The wire and the electric source together form an electric circuit, the electrons are drifting around it as long as the conducting path is maintained.
There are various kinds of electric circuits such as: open circuits, closed circuits, series circuits, parallel circuits and short circuits. To understand the difference between the following circuit connections is not difficult at all. If the circuit is broken or «opened» anywhere, the current is known to stop everywhere. The circuit is broken when an electric device is switched off. The path along which the electrons travel must be complete otherwise no electric power can be supplied from the source to the load. Thus the circuit is “closed” when an electric device is switched on.
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