Особенности лексической редупликации в публицистичксом тексте на материале англоязычных СМИ

INTRODUCTION 3
CHAPTER 1. MODERN APPROACHES TO INVESTIGATION OF LEXICAL REDUPLICATION AS A LINGUISTIC PHENOMENON OF THE MODERN ENGLISH LANGUAGE 6
1.1 The Definition of Lexical Reduplication 6
1.1.1 Lexical Reduplication 6
1.1.2 Functioning of Reduplication 11
1.2 Classification of Lexical Reduplication 14
1.3 Summary of Results 21
CHAPTER 2. ANALYSIS OF LEXICAL REDUPLICATION IN THE JOURNALISTIC STYLE OF SPEECH BASED ON THE ENGLISH-LANGUAGE MEDIA 22
2.1 Lexical Features of the Journalistic Style of Speech 22
2.2 Lexical Reduplication Based on the Newspaper «The New York Times» 29
2.3 Lexical Reduplication Based on the Newspaper “The Wall Street Journal” 35
2.4 Results and Discussions 38
CHAPTER 3. ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONING OF REDUPLICATION IN THE JOURNALISTIC STYLE OF SPEECH BASED ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE MEDIA 40
3.1 Functioning of Reduplication in Publications of «The New York Times» 40
3.2 Functioning of Reduplication in Publications of “The Wall Street Journal” 48
3.3 Results and Discussion 54
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 56
REFERENCES 59
APPENDIX……………………….………………………………………………………………………66

I.1 The Definition of Lexical Reduplication
I.1.1 Lexical Reduplication
Reduplication is an important phenomenon in language structure, in language studies. The word-building pattern has great constructive potential; represent one of the most productive word-building strategies in the modern English that attracts a great scientific interest to reduplicants as actual object of investigation, but, as V. Mattes denotes, “previous studies have noted the importance of reduplication but have not analyzed the phenomenon in depth” [43, p. 1].
The process of formation of the modern system of scientific ideas about reduplication has passed a long way of evolution. On the first stages of study due to its association with child speech and its high iconicity, reduplication has often considered to be a primitive way of word formation, “not belonging to the grammar of educated adult languages in advanced societies” [64, p. 98].
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I.1.2 Functioning of Reduplication
Lexical reduplication has a great functional potential, realized within the discourses. The functions of reduplicants can be considered to be both cohesive and rhetorical [48]. Moreover reduplicants play significant role in the process of negotiation of lexical meaning. It’s worth to mention, that the universal scientific approach to investigation, definition and classification of reduplicants’ functions in the modern linguistics is absent. Sh. Nadarajan on the basis of detailed analysis of this aspect distinguishes the following functions [47, p. 48]:
1) to denote contrastive semantic meanings, e. g., see and not see – in the meaning “to overlook”; seeing and not seeing - in the meaning “to ignore something with intention”, the expression has negative meaning; observing and not observing – in the meaning “pretending to be unaware, oblivious”, the expression has negative meaning.
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I.2 Classification of Lexical Reduplication

There are different scientific approaches of classification of reduplicans in the modern linguistic literature. In the most common view on the lexical level we can distinguish full and partial derivations [47, p. 41].
The process of full or total reduplication involves the exact repetition of a word or sound, putting together a morpheme of sound to bring an entirely new semantic features or new grammatical functions, for example: Are you leaving-leaving now?; our, ourselves, our own houses. Thus, full reduplication is “a lexeme-formation process” [40, p. 236]; exact copy of all segments of base.
In the E. Raimy’s conception this total or full reduplication is presented by the following types of word-formation strategies [66, p.
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1.3 Summary of Results
Reduplication is an important phenomenon of modern language studies. The word-building pattern has great constructive potential; represent one of the most productive word-building strategies in the modern English.
The process of formation of the modern system of scientific ideas about reduplication has passed a long way of evolution. In the modern linguistic literature reduplication is defined as a morphological process of word-formation in which the root, stem of a word or a part of it is repeated. Most of linguists understand it as a limitless resource of individual creativity.
This way of word-formation is an autonomous linguistic process, alongside compounding and derivation; moreover reduplications can’t be reduced to repetitions.
Lexical reduplication has a great functional potential, forming possibilities for enriching of language system, creation of new lexeme units.
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2.1 Lexical Features of the Journalistic Style of Speech
The first definition and understanding of the category “style” in the meaning of “language style” or “function style” were formulated in the learning of scientists of Prague Linguistic School. Supporters of this linguistic approach define the linguistic style as functional varieties of languages, the diversification imposed by the social environment to which the speaker belongs, and by the communication purpose in order to completely satisfy the interlocutor; is a significant manner in which the linguistic means of expression has been employed for a concrete purpose.
In the frames of Russian linguistics the functional style defines as “a socially recognized and functionally conditioned internally united totality of the ways of using, selecting and combining the means of lingual intercourse in the sphere of one national language or another” [3, p.
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2.2 Lexical Reduplication Based on the Newspaper «The New York Times»

Unique characteristics of reduplicants, their great functional potential lead to widespread of formations in all types of everyday English Language. In fact, reduplicants is routinely employed in textual headings, political slogans and newspapers.
The New York Times is a national daily newspaper. The language is used predominantly in this media is the British Standard and the International Standard. As well neologisms, reduplications are widely functioning in the frames of publications.
In the theoretical part of investigation in was defined that in the most common view reduplication can be categorized into four groups [47, p. 46]:
• repetitions – exact copies. As examples of functioning of this type of reduplications in the modern journalistic style may serve the following:
Let me be very, very clear,” Mr.
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2.4 Results and Discussions
The category of functional style in the modern linguistics is defined as a socially recognized and functionally conditioned united totality of the ways of using, selecting and combining the means of lingual intercourse in the sphere of one national language; a system of interrelated language means which serves a definite aim in communication.
In the modern linguistics the universal approach to classification of functional styles is absent, but most scholars distinguish the journalistic style of national language. Journalistic style of our days is a language of newspapers and magazines, essays, public speeches, TV and radio comments.
It is powerful instrument in shaping of public opinion; forming of behavior strategies and ways of thinking. It is now playing role for a forming and changing agent.
The main characteristic of this style of language is the synthesis of logical argumentation and emotional appeal to the recipient.
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3.1 Functioning of Reduplication in Publications of «The New York Times»
Lexical reduplication has a great functional potential, realized within the discourses. In the theoretical part of the study the following functions of reduplications were distinguished:
1) to denote contrastive semantic meanings, e. g.:
The Trump administration has been filling out its cabinet and, unlike in the Obama administration, the chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers will not be part of it [65] - in this case the reduplication is a result of necessity of nomination of realias of objective political and social spheres. The contrastive semantical meaning is a result of objective opposition of the administrations of the last and current Presidents of America, and its refection in the language system. In the frames of the fragment the contrast meaning underlines with the help of the lexeme “unlike”, representing the processes of comparison and opposition of political phenomena.
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3.2 Functioning of Reduplication in Publications of “The Wall Street Journal”

A great functional potential of reduplications caused their numerous usage in the modern journalistic style. Under the contextual surrounding lexical reduplications release a row of functions, including the following:
1) to denote contrastive semantic meanings, e. g.:
Two months ago, in a panel discussion, he insisted that open access for the media is “what makes a democracy a democracy versus a dictatorship.” (WSJ5) – in this case the usage of reduplication is aimed at forming contractive semantic meaning, underlining of the essence of the democracy as the most important of human achievement opposite to dictatorship. The features of opposition strengthen with the help of lexeme “versus”, underlining the comparative character of the phenomenon.
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2.4 Results and Discussions
The category of functional style in the modern linguistics is defined as a socially recognized and functionally conditioned united totality of the ways of using, selecting and combining the means of lingual intercourse in the sphere of one national language; a system of interrelated language means which serves a definite aim in communication.
In the modern linguistics the universal approach to classification of functional styles is absent, but most scholars distinguish the journalistic style of national language. Journalistic style of our days is a language of newspapers and magazines, essays, public speeches, TV and radio comments.
It is powerful instrument in shaping of public opinion; forming of behavior strategies and ways of thinking. It is now playing role for a forming and changing agent.
The main characteristic of this style of language is the synthesis of logical argumentation and emotional appeal to the recipient.
...

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Reduplication is an important phenomenon of modern language system and the modern linguistic studies. The great interest in the investigation of the word-building pattern is caused its great constructive potential; high level of production and enriching of the modern system of national languages.
2. The process of formation of the modern system of scientific ideas about reduplication has passed a long way of evolution. In the modern linguistic literature reduplication is defined as a morphological process of word-formation in which the root, stem of a word or a part of it is repeated; is the complex linguistic phenomenon, a productive word formation strategy. Most of linguists understand it as a limitless resource of individual creativity.
3. Reduplication is an autonomous linguistic process, alongside compounding and derivation; moreover reduplications can’t be reduced to repetitions.
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REFERENCES

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