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Варинт 1. Задание 1. What is pharmacy? Pharmacy is defined as the art and science of recognizing. identifying, collecting, selecting, preparing, s
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Варинт 1.
Задание 1.
What is pharmacy?
Pharmacy is defined as the art and science of recognizing. identifying, collecting, selecting, preparing, storing, testing, compounding and dispensing all substances used in preventive or in curative medicine for treating people.
Pharmacy was an integral pan of medicine when preparative pharmaceutical techniques were simple. It became an independent branch of medicine when an increasing variety of drugs and their complex compounding demanded specialists familiar with the technique of their compounding. Thus we may define pharmacy as the science of drugs. The word "pharmacy" comes from the Greek word pharmakon which in the modem language means a drug. To the Greeks it was associated with a god or higher being who had the power of affecting
people with herbs, infusions, etc.
Pharmacy is as old as man himself. The first primitive man who tried to use a plant in the food and observed that it caused a disease was already in the drug business. In this simple way many drugs have been discovered.
The civilization of the past contributed to our present knowledge by the collection of drugs and drug preparations. The old Egyptian texts list many preparations, some components of which are still used in modified form.
In these works the important beginning of the science pharmacognosy may be seen. However, only in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries chemical knowledge advanced to the point at which it could contribute significantly
to pharmacology.
The industrial revolution of the last century gave birth to synthetic. organic chemistry and established a new branch of knowledge necessary for the synthesis of new drugs. That the drug stay affect the organism or may act more selectively was an empirical observation of a primitive man. However. it took many centuries to establish this empirical observation scientifically. Today, the biochemical investigation of drug action is as important as the older pharnmeudynamic studies.
Что такое аптека?
Аптека – это искусство и наука об узнавании, выявлении, сборе, отборе, подготовке, хранении, тестировании, составлении рецептур и дозировании всех веществ, используемых в профилактической или лечебной медицине для лечения людей.
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