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Features of use of articles in English language
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INTRODUCTION
The theme of course paper is “Theoretical and practical aspects of the article in Modern English”. The topicality of course work is connected with controversial article usage in Modern English. The articles perform a discourse function, by indicating new and old information. This function is realized in practice through certain articles usage. The problem of article determination has given rise to much controversy; there is much dispute about the status of the article itself and the status of its combination with the noun. Though the article is the part of speech that contains only two words it presents a great difficulty for a student of English. A foreigner can always be told by his wrong use of article. Mistakes in the use of articles are considered to be the most difficult to be corrected. Numerous works devoted to this part of speech have certainly contributed to its better understanding but a great number of problems are still waiting for their further study and solutions.
Articles can be challenging to master, as there are numerous exceptions to each rule. Until you develop an adept ear, you might have to rely on referencing reputable websites to see how different nouns in different situations use articles. Determining whether or not to use A/AN, THE, or nothing relies heavily on the context and the type of noun you’re dealing with. Nevertheless, here are some guidelines that can help you on your way.
Indefinite article (A/An): When you’re discussing something that is being introduced for the first time use the indefinite article. The indefinite article marks an object, place or thing that is generally unspecific. A is used if the noun begins with a consonant (b,c,d,f, etc.), if the noun begins with a pronounced h (a horse, a happy uncle etc.), or if the noun begins with a vowel that takes the sound of a y or w (a eulogy, a one-dimensional argument). AN is used when the noun begins with a vowel sound (an honest answer, an element). Indefinite articles mark countable, singular nouns that are unspecific. Ask yourself “which ____.” If the answer’s not specific or if it’s the first time the topic has been introduced, use the indefinite article (e.g. “which dog?—a dog, “which development?—a development”).
Definite Article (The): If you are discussing a specific thing, place, or object use the definite article. To determine whether or not you are working with something specific is determined by context. Are you talking about a particular object, a particular group of people, or a specific idea? Definite Articles mark nouns that have a specific context. They can be used with countable, noncountable and plural nouns. (The ducks swam, the research was useful, the fashion of the day).
This study is topical for a number of reasons. First, no matter how many studies have been made in this area the problems relevant to its translation haven’t been studied properly. Second, further development of linguistics and other areas relevant to this branch of science call for new approaches to the study of even most traditional aspects of modern grammar. In addition, the study of articles and their contextual meaning and ways they are translated into other languages is of great value of teaching methods.
The object of this study is English article.
The subject of the study is a study of the features of use of English articles with examples being selected from the novel « Everything is illuminated» by Jonathan Safran Foer.
The goal of our work is to make a regular study of English articles, their contextual use.
In compliance with the goal the following objectives are to be solved:
- To determine the place of the English articles in the system of the English language and to cover some theoretical questions concerned with the object of the study.
- To study a typical use of articles and its special difficulties.
- To analyze contextual meanings of the English articles and ways of their translation into Russian.
- The goal and the objectives of the study determine the structure of our work.
- It consists of an introduction, 2 parts, conclusion and a list of literature.
Manuals, articles and other types of educational and study papers served as the material for our analyses. Besides, the use of articles from the novel «Everything is illuminated» by Jonathan Safran Foer and others served for our analyses in the practical part of the work.
A set of linguistic methods including a descriptive, analytical, contextual analysis was used in the course of our study. In addition a translational method was intensively used while analyzing the contextual peculiarities of the article and determining typical ways of their translation into Russian.
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………
PART I. ARTICLE AS A PART OF SPEECH…………………………………............................
1.1 The linguistic status of the article………………………………………………………………
1.2 Article and noun……………………………………………………………………………….
1.3 The Category of Determination……………………………………………………………….
1.3.1 Semantic determination of the noun…………………………………………………………
1.3.2 Grammatical determination of the noun……………………………………………………..
1.3.3 Informational determination of the noun…………………………………………………….
1.3.4 Pragmatic determination of the noun………………………………………………...............
1.3.5 Generic reference of articles…………………………………………………………………
1.4 Article use for learners of English as a second language………………………………………
PART II. FEATURES OF USE OF ARTICLES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE..............................
2.3 The definite article the………………………………………………………………………….
2.2 Indefinite meaning with the zero article………………………………………………………..
2.1 Indefinite meaning expressed by a/an………………………………………………………….
CONCLUSION………………………………………….………………………………………..
LIST OF REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………….
APPENDIX……………………………………………………………………………………….
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LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Блох М.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка: Учебник. -М.: Высш. школа, 1983.-383с.
2. Вейсман, Г.А. Новое в грамматике современного английского языка: учебное пособие для вузов / Г.А. Вейсман. – 2-е изд., дополн. и исправ. – М.: Астрель, АСТ, 2002. – 544 с.
3. Кобрина, Н.А. Теоретическая грамматика современного английского языка: учебное пособие / Н.А. Кобрина, Н.Н. Болдырева, А.А. Худяков. – М.: Высшая школа, 2007. – 368 с.
4. Рейман Е.А. Английский язык. Коммуникативная функция: монография/ Екатерина Александровна Рейман.- Л.: Наука,1988.-114с.
5. Ривлина А.А. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка: учебно-методическое пособие / А.А. Ривлина. - Благовещенск: Изд-во БГПУ, 2009. - 118 с.
6. Хаймович Б.С. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка/ Б. С. Хаймович, Роговская Б.И.:М.- Высш.школа,1967
7. Azar B.S. Understanding and Using English Grammar / B.S. Azar, Hagen S.A.-Pearson Press, 1999.-489p.
8. Bibber D. Longman English of spoken and written English/ D. Bibber, S. Conrad , G. Leech: Pearson Education Limited ,2002.- 497p.
9. Foer J.S. Everything is illuminated/ J.S. Foer: 2003.- 276p.
10. Foley M. Longman Advanced Learners' Grammar / M. Foley. Hall. - Pearson Education Ltd, 2003. - 384 p.
11. Ilyish B. The Structure of Modern English / B. Ilyish. - Leningrad: Prosvescheniye, 1971. - 366 p.
12. Stoudenets H. I.The English article in communicative patterns / H. I. Stoudenets; National University of Aviation. - Kyiv: Lenvit, 2006. - 71 p.
13. Thewlis S.H. Grammar Dimension. Form. Meaning and Use/ S.H. Thewlis, D. Larsen-Freeman. - Boston: Thomson Heinle, 2007.-438p.
14. Valeika L. An Introductory Course in Theoretical English Grammar/ L. Valeika, Buitkienė J.- Vilnius Pedagogical University, 2003.-135p.
15. The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar / E. Chalker, E. Weiner. - Oxford University Press, 1994. - 448 p.
16. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics / P.H. Matthews. - Oxford University Press, 1997. - 410 p.
17. http://abclocal.go.com/wpvi/story?section=news/national_world&id=9352471
18. http://www.newser.com/story/176206/greece-mystery-girl-promising-leads-surface.html
19. http://news.bbc.co.uk
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